In older versions of pmOS, usb networking on N900 worked reliably if the cable was plugged after the boot. In current pmOS, there are random delays (more then 10 seconds?) and then it usually fails altogether.
This could either be a regression in the kernel, or in our initramfs scripts (do you use them?).
Could you boot your known working kernel (e.g. kernel.org:pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/pavel/linux-n900.git bt-v4.13) together with the postmarketOS initramfs and see if you can reproduce the issue?
If you can not reproduce it, I would try to upgrade the kernel to the latest stable (just change the pkgver in aports/main/linux-postmarketos-stable/APKBUILD to 4.14.15) and test again
If that does not help either, then probably only bisecting the kernel helps.
NOTE: Yes, we have outdated kernels in the repository right now. When we can reliably remove old packages (when #1166 (closed) is reviewed and merged), I'd like to look into setting up a (manual) process to upgrade the kernels and other packages as soon as there is a new release.
The thing is, when the binary repository has a newer version of the same package name, pmbootstrap will take that one. To use an older kernel, you could do one of the following:
Change the pkgver of the kernel you want to use in the aports folder to 9999 (make sure to delete the package if you don't want to use it anymore out of your packages folder: ~/.local/var/pmbootstrap/packages/armhf/ as root, then run pmbootstrap index. Shortcut for deleting all self-compiled packages: pmbootstrap zap -p)
Run pmbootstrap --mirror-pmOS="" to make it ignore the binary repo. That is then for all packages though, so all of them will be compiled locally (cross-compiler etc.)